A urinalysis, also known as a Urine Routine Examination, is a simple and non-invasive test that analyzes a urine sample for various substances. It's a common tool used by healthcare professionals to screen for and monitor a range of health conditions, including: Renal damage: By detecting abnormalities like protein or blood in the urine, a urinalysis can indicate potential problems with the kidneys. Urinary tract infections (UTIs): The presence of white blood cells or bacteria in the urine can suggest a UTI. Diabetes: High levels of glucose (sugar) in the urine can be a sign of poorly controlled diabetes.

This test allows laboratory to estimate creatinine in urine and further calculate eGFR.

Renal function tests (RFT) are done on urine and patient blood to establish how well the kidneys are working. They aid in the diagnosis and management of conditions affecting kidneys. They can be used for general health screening and screening of those patients who are at risk of developing a kidney disease i.e., as high blood pressure (hypertension), diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity, elevated cholesterol, or a family history of kidney disease. Adjusting dosages of drugs excreted by kidneys. What are the different names for renal function tests? This test is known by two names: Kidney function test Renal function test Urine Routine Creatinine Uric Acid Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Proteins Electrolytes Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) The kidneys' primary function is to filter out the waste materials from our bodies in urine. A kidney function test is used to determine how well the kidneys are performing their function with the help of a blood test and urine test. When is a kidney function test done? A kidney function test is recommended in the following cases: Patients show symptoms of acute renal failure, such as decreased urine output, swelling in feet and ankles, shortness of breath, fatigue, and confusion. Patients show symptoms suggestive of chronic kidney diseases, such as swelling in feet and ankles, weight loss, shortness of breath, blood in urine, and increased urination at night. Renal function tests may also be ordered as a routine health screening test. It is also done to monitor the effect of medicines and to adjust the dosage of drugs excreted by kidneys. It is done regularly in renal transplantation cases to monitor the transplant's functions.

Urine calculus (stone) analysis is a vital diagnostic procedure aimed at understanding the composition of urinary stones to guide effective medical interventions. One of the advanced techniques used for this purpose is Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. During FTIR analysis, a urine stone sample is exposed to infrared light, causing its unique chemical components to absorb light at characteristic frequencies. This absorption pattern produces a distinctive spectrum, essentially a molecular fingerprint, that reveals the stone's composition. By comparing this spectrum with established databases of known substances, medical professionals can precisely identify the minerals, compounds, and materials present in the urine calculus. This information is crucial for determining the type of stone and its underlying causes, enabling tailored treatment plans and preventive measures. FTIR analysis, through automation, streamlines the process, providing a rapid, accurate, and non-invasive means to unravel the complexities of urine calculus and improve patient care.

Kidney stones are small, hard deposits that form in the kidneys and can cause intense pain when they pass through the urinary tract. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique that can be used to determine the chemical composition of a sample by measuring the absorption or transmission of infrared light. In the case of kidney stones, FTIR spectroscopy can be used to analyze the composition of the stone and identify the types of minerals that are present. Some of the minerals that are commonly found in kidney stones include calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, uric acid, and struvite. Knowing the composition of the stone can help doctors determine the best course of treatment, as different types of stones require different treatments.

Renal/ kidney function tests are a group of tests that are used to evaluate the functioning of the kidneys. A complete blood count (CBC) can provide information on the overall health of the individual, while a urine routine test can detect any abnormalities in the urine such as the presence of blood or protein. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) can provide information on glucose and nitrogen metabolism, respectively. Creatinine, uric acid, proteins, calcium, phosphorus, and electrolytes can provide information on kidney function and metabolism. Alkaline phosphatase and bicarbonate levels can also provide information on kidney function and overall health. These tests are typically ordered together to get a comprehensive understanding of the kidney's function.

Stones are formed in the body due to disruption in pathogenesis resulting in mineralization or salt formation at times hampering the organ functions. Stones may get formed in various organs, the most common being kidneys, followed by urinary bladder and gallbladder. These stones usually contain crystalline and organic components. Stone screening profile includes tests performed to analyse the organic and mineral components of stones formed in the body.

Stones are formed in the body due to disruption in pathogenesis resulting in mineralization or salt formation at times hampering the organ functions. Stones may get formed in various organs, the most common being kidneys, followed by urinary bladder and gallbladder. These stones usually contain crystalline and organic components. Stone screening profile includes tests performed to analyse the organic and mineral components of stones formed in the body.